哦,我的神啊,何帝凡的回信终于来了!
Dear Ray,
亲爱的童镭,
now I am back for a few moments, and I want to try briefly to answer from my perspective.
现在我暂时回国(德国)一小段时间,希望能够尽量从自己的观点回答你以前说提出的问题。
1) How to estimate the severity of a person's stuttering?
怎样评估一个人口吃的严重程度?
I think this is only to judge from the view how much of suffering it gives to the person.
我想这只能从这样的角度来判断:
那就是口吃给这个人带来了多大的痛苦?
From objective point we may count how often he/she stutters per sentence or hour. But this does not tell us how much the person suffers.
从客观的角度来讲,我们也许可以计算出他/她每句话或每小时口吃的频率是多少。但是这种计算并没有告诉我们这个人有多么的痛苦。
Why mostly poeope with "mild or medium" symptoms attend SHG's meeting?Because they (at least) suffer as much as people with strong symptoms. So Ido not trust counting measures on how to evaluate severity.
为什么绝大多数有着“轻微或中度”症状的口吃者依然要来参加口吃者自助组织的聚会?这是因为他们(至少)和那些有着重度症状的口吃者同样的痛苦。因此,我不相信那些依靠数数来评估口吃严重程度的方法。
This view doesnot make it easy to evaluate, but it prevents being too theoretic and coldin the matter.
这种观点并没有使评估变得容易起来,但是它能够防止人们在这个问题上变得太过于空谈和冷酷。
2) How to estimate the curative effect of a certain therapy?
怎样评估某种治疗方法的有效性?
To my mind a successful therapy leaves the client with a effective means to help himself in case the problem comes again.
就我个人看来,成功的治疗方法是那些能够留给病人一种有效的手段,以便能够让病人在麻烦重现的时候帮助自己的治疗方法。
So in case you have a skin problem, you will see a doctor and will hopefully get a medicine that helps you now and which you can use again later if necessary. And it should curethe problem in a way that the client does feel fully "functioning" again.
比方说,如果你换上了某种皮肤病,你将会去看医生,并希望他能够开给你一种不但现在能够帮助你,如果以后有需要的话还可以再次使用的药物。这种药物还应该能够解决这个问题,让病人确实能够感觉到自己又再一次的“好了起来”。
The use of a fluency technique that is not stuttering any more but other "unnormal" speech might be acceptable for some, but not for all, as they do not want to change from one "strange" way of speaking to another one. So effective therapy should give the client a lasting means of reaching a fluency level that suits his needs in communication life.
那种能够让口吃者用一种“不自然”的说话方式来完全避免口吃的流畅技巧,可能能够被某些人所接受,但不是所有的人都能够接受,因为他们不愿意从一种“古怪的说话方式”跳到另一种“古怪的说话方式”。
因此,有效的治疗应当给予口吃者一种持久有效的手段,以帮助他保持适合于自己日常生活中交流沟通需要的语言流畅水平。
3) How to define the 'effective' or 'radical cured'?
怎样定义有效和根治?
I would always talk rather of "effective" cure than of "radical" cure.
我永远都宁愿去讨论“有效的治疗”,而不是“完全地根治”。
"Radical" implies a tone of force, of violence. This rarely has lasting result. And for effective cure, I talked in answer 2) already.
“完全根治”意味着一条充满压力的舌头,意味着挣扎用力。这很少有持续的效果。但是,对于有效的治疗,我想自己已经对第2个问题的回答中说的很明白了。
Therapy is for the client, not to please the feeling of "being great" as a therapist. So as long as a therapist has happy clients who would choose to come back in case of relapse (which usually should not be seen as total failure of therapy), his means can be evaluated as (for some) effective.
治疗是为了口吃者自身,而不是为了去取悦他人(比如治疗师),让他人感觉你现在简直是“棒极了”。因此,只要一个治疗师的病人自己过得很愉快,愿意在口吃复发(这通常不应该被视作治疗的完全失败)的时候再次回到这里来,那么这个治疗师的方法就可以被评价为一种(至少对于部分口吃者来说)有效的方法。
Does this help?
我的这些话有帮助吗?
Have a good week!
祝你生活愉快!
Stefan
何帝凡